Re: [nettime-lat] Peru y el software libre

[Las Inéditas <ineditas@rcp.net.pe>]

hola, en el siguiente url, amplia información sobre el proyecto legislativo que
busca incorporar exclusivamente software libre a las instituciones públicas:

http://www.gnu.org.pe/main.html

saludos.

carlos


Ana Viseu ha escrito:

> [un articulo (in ingles) sobre el intento de un politico Peruano de hacer
> obligatorio el uso de software libre (open source) en la red de ordenadores
> del Estado. La idea es buena, a ver que pasa. No conozco ningun buen
> periodico Peruano, pero en la pequena busqueda que hice online no encontre
> esta noticia en espanol. Encontre un site que se dedica al tema del
> software libre <http://cofradia.org/> por si acaso le interesa a alguien.
> Saludos. Ana]
>
> http://www.siliconvalley.com/mld/siliconvalley/news/3531007.htm
> June 23, 2002
> Associated Press
>
> Peruvian lawmaker's effort could ban Microsoft on government computers
>
> LIMA, Peru (AP) - Computer software could make Bruno Crespo's job much
> easier -- if only he had the cash.
>
> Crespo, the chief administrator of Callao, the port city that abuts Lima,
> has a long wish list: a new tax database, a computerized property registry
> and modernized desktop programs for 200 PCs, half of which run on Windows 95.
>
> But like all city governments in impoverished Peru, scarce revenues can
> barely provide for basic public services, let alone computer programs for
> municipal workers.
>
> Crespo says he would need $120,000 just to pay licensing fees for 200
> versions of the latest Windows office suite. That alone is about four times
> Callao's annual computer budget.
>
> If Congressman Edgar Villanueva gets his way, Crespo might have some more
> maneuvering room. Swimming against the Microsoft tide, Villanueva is
> pushing legislation to obligate all public institutions to convert
> exclusively to open-source software.
>
> Villanueva's office has also coordinated with similar legislative
> initiatives in Argentina, Spain, France and Mexico, said Jesus Marquina, an
> adviser to the congressman.
>
> Open-source programs, embodied by the Linux operating system, have
> underlying code available to anyone who wants to modify or customize it.
>
> Such software, in unadorned form, can be downloaded from the Internet for
> free. The value that developers add by customizing open-source software for
> specific needs -- and supporting it -- generates income.
>
> In proprietary software like Microsoft's, the source code is mostly secret.
> Companies charge licensing fees. Users update it by buying a new version.
>
> Villanueva's measure would apply to all software -- from server operating
> systems to databases, word processors and e-mail. It allows for exceptions
> only if no open-source solution exists.
>
> If passed, the legislation could be the first of its kind in the world --
> the first government-authored legal restriction that aims at Microsoft's
> dominant operating systems and the commercial software industry that has
> grown around them.
>
> Open-source still represents only a small share of the global software
> market, but governments around the world have begun turning to it for
> various reasons.
>
> Federal agencies in major powers including France, Germany, China and the
> United States have adopted Linux for servers, mainly because it's cheaper,
> stable and deemed less susceptible to viruses and hacker attacks.
>
> For poorer governments in Latin American and elsewhere, open-source would
> mean big savings without losing functionality, proponents say.
>
> ``The basic issue, really, is that governments are paying a high price for
> commodities,'' said Miguel de Icaza, chief technological officer at Ximian
> software company in Boston. ``A country shouldn't be paying between $200
> and $700 for each workstation to run word processors, spreadsheets, Web and
> calendars, and e-mail.''
>
> De Icaza is a lead developer and promoter of open-source software,
> including in his native Mexico. His company sells for $60 a Linux desktop
> complete with a modified version of OpenOffice.org, the free, open-source
> competitor to Microsoft's Office.
>
> For Callao, open-source could take the expense out of software upgrades,
> leaving Crespo to dedicate his computing budget to developing database systems.
>
> Villanueva says the Peruvian state owes about $30 million in overdue
> software license fees. A government study last year estimated Peru would
> have to pay $18 million in licensing fees to cover the pirated software it
> uses.
>
> The same study painted a stark picture of Peru's overall IT situation. Many
> government PCs still run Windows 95 and about a third still use the
> outdated Pentium II processor -- or earlier versions.
>
> Villanueva says budget savings is not the primary goal of his proposed law.
>
> ``Our philosophy is to try to give access to technology to the most people
> possible, especially young people, and that the state should play a
> fundamental role in that process,'' he said.
>
> Villanueva hopes his measure triggers activity in Peru's software industry
> by freeing programmers from the constraints of working with coding
> controlled by a few large companies.
>
> Microsoft officials contend the legislation is based on misconceptions and
> unproven theories. Along with Peruvian software companies, Microsoft has
> lobbied congressmen, government officials, academics and businesses with
> that message.
>
> The office of the chief of Peru's Cabinet has already voiced opposition to
> the measure.
>
> ``There are several challenges that the government would face if it
> approves that law,'' said Mauro Muratorio, Microsoft's corporate strategy
> director for Latin America.
>
> Muratorio said software comprises just two to three percent of an
> organization's technology costs. More than 90 percent goes to services,
> such as technical support, training and development, which could be even
> more costly with open-source, he added.
>
> Sales of Microsoft products -- mostly made through local businesses --
> encourage local growth, Muratorio argued.
>
> Microsoft Peru expects $27 million in sales this year, which would generate
> about $70 million for local businesses, Muratorio said.
>
> Rolando Liendo, president of the Peruvian Association of Software
> Developers, said the country's fledgling software industry -- which
> produces $40 million a year in mostly proprietary software -- could be hit
> hard by Villanueva's legislation. Roughly a quarter of its business goes to
> the government, he said.
>
> But Villanueva argues that the freedom created by his bill would far
> outweigh any temporary losses.
>
> With proprietary software, ``a systems engineer graduate ends up being a
> user. Call him 'programmer' in quotation marks, but in the end he's a user.
> If he had access to source code, that engineer would have the possibility
> to transform, to modify, to adapt to his needs, to create,'' Villanueva said.
>
> ``We're just giving them a legal tool so they can go forward. We'll see if
> it happens.''
>
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> Tudo vale a pena se a alma não é pequena.
> http://fcis.oise.utoronto.ca/~aviseu
>
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